SECURITIZATION OF AFRICAN MIGRATION TO EUROPE: IMPLICATIONS TO ACCESS OF ESSENTIAL SERVICES AS DEPICTED BY MEDIA

Author: Anne Maureen Syallow

ABSTRACT

Migration is a contentious topic in Europe that influences both the supranational integration process of migrants and the national policies of EU member states. This study analyzes how securitization of migration affects the lived experiences of African migrants in Europe using evidence from media. Specifically, the study examines how securitization of policies affect African migrants’ access to essential services such as health care and education. Qualitative research design using secondary data from mainstream media and social media was employed.  Securitization theory by Buzan guided the study. Findings suggest that securitization of migration, combined with xenophobic attitudes have caused a deep marginalization of migrants, especially those coming from Africa, among their host communities. Portraying African migrants as threats to security have led to policies and societal perceptions that make it difficult for migrants to access essential services. Therefore, it is important for governments in Europe to reconsider the approach they take in securitizing migration. Governments should strive to work with both mainstream media and social media to give a balanced coverage of migration news. A partnership between journalists, civil society groups and community leaders is critical in developing narratives that put emphasis on migrants’ contribution to society to oppose negative stereotypes.

Keywords: Securitization, Migration, Africans, Essential services, Media

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